Title: Electromotive force generated in all materials under temperature difference

Abstract

In this research, we investigate the thermoelectric effects of general materials. An electromotive force was generated in all 17 types of materials, such as soil, when the temperature difference was tested. The results of this showed that an electromotive force was generated under a temperature difference between two points in materials. As no material has infinite electric resistance, an electromotive force is expected to be generated under a temperature difference in all materials. In conclusion, the thermoelectric effect generates an electromotive force. This electromotive force causes an electric current to flow, thereby generating a magnetic field (Framing’s left-hand rule). Such a thermoelectric effect of material explains The induction of static electricity by friction, The generation of geomagnetic fields, The electromotive force of lightning, The Earth's rotation and celestial rotation, The generation of sunspots, The reverse rotation of planets, The release of electromotive force through spark discharges in volcano eruptions, The generation of electromotive force through spark discharge in nuclear explosions and creates an ionosphere that reflects radio waves.

Biography

Dong-il Song was born in Korea. He worked for the Korea Meteorological Administration for 33 years. At the Korea Meteorological Administration, He worked at the Meteorological Communication Center (deputy director), the information operation department head of the Gwangju Regional Office of Meteorology, Jeju High-rise Radar Weather Station (Chief), and Pohang Weather Station (Chief). And now He retired from the Korea Meteorological Administration.