In recent years, magnesium-based metal matrix composites have been widely used in many automotive, aerospace, and domestic applications due to their light weight, high specific strength, and excellent damping properties. The mechanical behavior of metal matrix composites mainly depends on the types of matrix and reinforcement materials. The size of reinforcement particles is mostly influenced by the properties of composite materials. In recent years, many researchers have concentrated their research on nanosize particles because they exhibit excellent mechanical properties. The main aim of the presentation is to investigate the mechanical behavior of magnesium-based metal matrix composites. The composites were fabricated by using ultrasonic gravitational stir casting techniques. Nano-graphene particles were used as reinforcement. The mechanical behaviors were evaluated by a tensile test, an impact test, and a micro hardness test. The wear behavior was analyzed by the pin-on-disc method. The composite sample structures were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The experimental results revealed that the mechanical behavior of composites is influenced by the presence of graphene particles in aluminum-based matrix composites. The ductile properties decrease, and the tensile, hardness properties are also increased gradually with the addition of nanographene in the matrix materials. Wear test results indicated that wear behavior also depends upon the presence of graphene in the aluminum-based metal matrix composites.