Title: Microstructure, mechanical and biophysical properties of pure ultra fine grain Titanium

Abstract

Mechanical strength, hardness and fatigue resistance of metals can be strongly increased applying plastic severe plastic deformation (SPD). In the present work the properties of hydrostatically extruded pure titanium grade 2 (HE Cp-Ti) were studied and analysed in aspect of its possible application for dental implants instead of titanium alloys alloy grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V). Pure titanium (Cp-Ti) does not contain doping elements, which can be harmful for organism. Mechanical testing, microstructure characterisation, and biophysical response examination of so obtained ultra-fine grain pure titanium were performed. Mechanical resistance was strongly increased, a reach of defects ultra-fine grain microstructure was obtained and anisotropic biophysical material response was confirmed. Generally, It was found that most of material characteristics are strongly anisotropic, i.e., one obtains different results for the transverse and longitudinal cross-sections of the deformed rods. What concerns the biophysical response, the cell-material interactions were studied. It was found that they depend principally on two factors: on local defect density and the type of crystallographic planes parallel to the examined material cross-section.