Title: A review of recent developments in biomaterials used in total hip implants

Abstract

It is unavoidable in orthopedics to replace the whole hip joint to improve the quality of life of patients with arthritis. Artificial joints are becoming increasingly popular and have become necessary in cases of damaged joints. The field of orthopedic surgery has seen much success with joint replacements but maintaining implants for a long time remains a challenge. Hip replacement arthroplasty is intended to restore the range of motion and activities of daily living to patients without pain. The current focus of artificial hip joint development is to improve its mechanical strength, biocompatibility, bioactivity, and durability. In a safe, reliable, economical, and physiologically acceptable manner, biomaterials can be used to make devices to replace bodily organs or functions. This purpose has been addressed by the development of a variety of materials. The development of biomaterials is constantly evolving, which has led to the use of a variety of materials. Metals, ceramics, and polymers are all possible materials for hip implants. The biomaterials used in hip joint arthroplasty have biocompatible properties, the ability to resist heavy stress, a low friction coefficient of sliding, and a low wear rate. This review presents a selection of metallic materials that are often used for surgical hip implants. This article focuses on how to apply the right biomaterials to hip implants. The paper provides information that supports important medical decisions regarding hip implants. All biomedical, mechanical, and materials science developments have to take into account the development of biomaterials, their treatments, properties, and surface layers and coatings. This paper attempts to provide a brief overview of the evolution of biomaterials from the early days of metals and polymers to the present day of ceramics commonly found in orthopedics for hip joint replacements.