Title: Synthesis and utilization of bio-waste derived activated carbon for enhancement of tribological properties

Abstract

Critical climate change and environmental pollution not only demand the use of biodegradable material, but also the utilization of biowaste to convert them into value-added products. Bio-waste materials being natural materials are available in huge stock and are landfill materials. Dumping these bio wastes material in an open environment, provide a safe passage for bacteria growth, which in turn leads to bacterial disease. However, these waste materials could be of economic value when used in a sensible manner. The two such bio wastes eggshell and coconut shell were utilized. There two-fold application, one such application is using eggshell to convert into nanoparticles and other is two use these two in combination two produce activated carbon, which would further be utilized in the composite fabrication. In the present work the eggshell and coconut shell, synthesized activated carbon was utilized for fabrication of activated carbon epoxy composite. The attributes of activated carbon are identified through different characterization techniques (TEM, XRD, FTIR), The composites were studied for their hardness, moisture absorption and erosion wear behaviour at variable impingement angles (30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°) and impingement velocities (101 m/s, 119 m/s, and 148 m/s). It was observed that addition of activated carbon particles has enhanced hardness and wear resistance of the composite. Composite with 2 wt% particulate reinforcement was found to be the optimum percentage of reinforcement which was subjected to 82.4% less material loss i.e., erosion rate at 45° impact angle compared to neat polymer. It may be concluded from observation of results that, the present work is indicative of potential application in automobile body parts, pipelines carrying solid particulate matter etc.

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